Chorionic-testing
What is a Chorionic test?
During the test, the gynecologist will take a sample of cells, called chorionic villi, from the placenta where it attaches to the uterus.
In general, between 20 and 50 milligrams of chorionic tissue are removed. This is around 1 thousandth of the total volume of tissue from which the placenta is built. The amniotic sac(containing the fetus) will not be damaged.
Almost always the test is done through the abdominal wall. Via the abdominal wall, scans determine the placental position. The test may also be done via the vaginal canal and in these cases the patient should have a full bladder.
Chorionic test via the abdominal wall
Testing via the abdominal wall usually occurs around approximately the 12th week of pregnancy. The abdominal skin is disinfected with iodine. A scan determines the correct place for insertion of the needle. The needle is inserted through the lower abdomen. Sometimes, but not always, a local anaesthetic will be applied. The needle will withdraw some placental cells.
Removal of the tissue usually only takes around a minute. The removed tissue is examined directly under the microscope to see if the amount is sufficient for chromosome testing. If there are too few cells a second collection will be taken. The movement of the needle during cell extraction can be uncomfortable.
After the procedure you can go straight home, and there should be no significant blood loss. If you have any doubts, contact your doctor immediately.
Testing via the vagina
Testing via the vagina is performed after the tenth week of pregnancy, usually with a gestation period of approximately 11 weeks. In some hospitals, it's advised not to have sex for a few days before the test Information about this is provided when making the appointment.
During the operation, you will lie in a gynecological examination chair with your legs in support. After a speculum has been inserted, the sheath is disinfected with iodine. Sometimes the uterus is gripped with tongs. This can be painful.
The doctor will insert a thin tube into the placenta through the uterus's inner wall. A scan takes place. It takes a lot of time before the placenta is reached. Examination of the removed tissue under the microscope takes place immediately to see if the amount is sufficient for chromosome testing.
If there are not enough cells, a second and perhaps third test will take place. Sometimes there is still insufficient tissue. If this the case, the examination will be halted and an abdominal chorionic cell test will be recommended for a later date. The procedure takes an average of 10 to 15 minutes.
After surgery, almost all women have blood loss. The blood loss almost always comes from the uterus, which easily bleeds when touching during pregnancy. Therefore, blood loss is not a cause for concern. Often this will last for a few days, sometimes three to four weeks. This is usually benign.
Almost every pregnant woman returns home immediately after surgery. It is advisable not to have intercourse as long as there is blood loss. Further measures are not necessary. It is advisable to contact the gynecologist if blood loss increases, especially if this occurs in conjunction with abdominal cramps. Even in case of illness or fever the first days after the procedure, it is wise to investigate quickly to rule out an infection.
Outcome
The results of the test are generally known within 2 weeks. The reliability of the chromosome test in the test is slightly less than that of the amniotic fluid test. This is because 1-2 per cent of pregnancies have a chromosome aberration that may be present only in the placenta. If this is the case, an amniotic fluid test may be discussed.
Risks
The risk of a miscarriage due to this test is 0.5 percent. In addition, every woman who is 11 weeks pregnant has about 2 percent of a miscarriage by the 16th week. This chance is also possible if no test is performed.
In the past, congenital abnormalities of the limbs and the face have been described after chorionic test performed before the tenth pregnancy week. Therefore, the test today is only done after the tenth week. It has been shown that there is no increased chance of these congenital abnormalities in this time frame.
Pros and cons of the chorionic villus sample
An advantage of the cvs is that the procedure takes place early in pregnancy and that the result is relatively quickly known, usually within two weeks. If you decide on termination, usually noone even knows you're pregnant at this point.
A disadvantage of the test is that sometimes chromosomal aberrations are found in a pregnancy that may have ended in a spontaneous miscarriage a few weeks later, even before the time of any sac puncture. The miscarriage saves parents in that case the difficult choice about whether or not to end the pregnancy.
On the contrary, the cause of the miscarriage sometimes remains unclear if no test has been done. You also do not know if a chromosome aberration was present with a chance of recurrence in a subsequent pregnancy.
Also see these information articles: · Tests during pregnancy · Amniocentesis · Anemia · Antibodies · Combination test · Group B Streptococcus · Hemoglobin · Neural tube defect · NIPT test · Triple test · Umbilical cord
Related categories (1)
Most read information articles
-
1st trimester (Bloodloss)
Many women suffer from some slight bleeding in early pregnancy. Normally, women who have had slight bleeding in the first trimester have no problems during the further pregnancy. A little blood loss can be normal, but it is sometimes a cause for conc......(136357 x) Read more » -
Stomach cramps
Babies get tummy cramps. They come and go many times. It's no fun for parents either; you can see your little one in pain, the crying doesn't seem to stop, and sometimes it seems like there's nothing you can do to help. Bowel cramps oc......(121032 x) Read more » -
Pregnancy symptoms
It is important during pregnancy to know the difference between normal symptoms and those which should be reported to your midwife or doctor. Below is a list of the most common symptoms experienced by pregnant women. Areola around the nipples get ......(86308 x) Read more » -
Mucus plug
During pregnancy, a mucous membrane forms in your uterus. The mucous membrane prevents infections of your uterus. The mucous membrane will remain in place until you give birth. When labour starts, the cervix is stretched and softer. This can c......(66296 x) Read more » -
Empty days (Breastfeeding)
If you are breastfeeding, you will probably wake up early and go to bed late in the early days. Your milk production is not yet set to your baby's demands. Moms often feel uncertain during these "empty" days; baby seems insatiable and y......(63466 x) Read more » -
Feeding
For the first six months, breastfeeding or complete infant formula will usually provide your baby with enough nutrients. The amount of food a baby needs is always different for each child. According to pediatricians, you can use the following guideli......(61720 x) Read more » -
Stillbirth (Loss)
If you lose your child after the 16th week, or your child dies during childbirth, this is officially classed as a "stillbirth". It's a tragic and often traumatic experience for parents. A mix of emotions are involved; anger, guilt, sadn......(57967 x) Read more » -
Development of the foetus
An interactive video of the development of your baby. Slide the sliders to see the growth! The first picture shows the growth from 0 to 8 weeks, the second the growth from 8 to 40 weeks. You may also like this animated gif: ......(57773 x) Read more » -
2nd trimester (Bloodloss)
Occassionaly you may have some blood loss during your second trimester. Common causes include cervical growth or inflammation. Bleeding can pose a threat to both the mother and the unborn child. The most common cause of severe vaginal blood loss duri......(55221 x) Read more » -
Teeth
First teeth Generally, babies get their first teeth between 5 and 9 months. Normally, the first two are bottom incisors, followed by the top two, then the teeth to either side. All eight cutting teeth usually come through when the baby is 8 ......(52572 x) Read more » -
Sleep (Sleep during pregnancy)
During your pregnancy, you may have more difficulty sleeping than usual. A larger abdomen, heartburn, anxiety, back pain and shortness of breath lead to less sleep. You can get frustrated about the lack of good sleep. Yet sleep is very necessary......(51352 x) Read more » -
Checklist baby outfits (Checklists)
When you're pregnant you need to spend a lot of time and money, because the new little addition to your family will need a lot more than you first think! What will you need? Well, print this handy checklist so you don't forget anything! &n......(50764 x) Read more » -
Skin changes
The increase in hormones during pregnancy as well as other factors can result in changes to your skin which can include: "Pregnancy glow" You may get a radiant glow over your face. Your face seems to blush because you have more bl......(50247 x) Read more » -
Breasts
Pregnancy and breast changes: During your pregnancy, your breasts are temporarily a little bigger. The following breast changes are normal: The breasts feel fuller and are more sensitive because pregnancy hormones p......(46724 x) Read more » -
Pregnancy after 35
Women are increasingly choosing to become pregnany at a later age. This has several reasons; work and career, still busy with study or promotion, no suitable partner, financial worries. The average age at which women have their first child increased ......(46228 x) Read more » -
Reflux in babies
Milk-spitting isn't the same as reflux Many newborns may spit out or dribble a mouthful of milk after they've been fed. They can drink more than they can handle, and some of it comes right back up. This little bit of returned is ......(42589 x) Read more » -
Gender of the baby
Dr. Landrum Shettles was a pioneer in fertility techniques. He was involved very early in experiments in which ova could be fertilized in a laboratory. He has also researched for years to influence the sex of babies. He also wrote a book about it, wh......(42068 x) Read more » -
Coughing and choking
It's well known that babies put "everything" in their mouths. They do this to explore their surroundings. Small objects can be dangerous to children (especially young children), the objects may become clogged in the trachea, res......(41604 x) Read more » -
Fluid retention (edema)
It's normal for your body to retain excess water during pregnancy. This can be on average 2 to 3 liters. In the last month, especially, this is very noticeable; symptoms include swollen hands, feet and face. Even in warm weather, you will retain ......(40679 x) Read more » -
Conceiving 30 tips
If you want to use a lubricant then use PreSeed. When you are dry the sperm have less chance of swimming up, PreSeed provides a comfortable environment for the sperms to swim through. Eat green leafy vegetables with plenty of folic acid, and thi......(40640 x) Read more » -
Clustering (Breastfeeding)
Clustering is a common term within the breastfeeding world. In short, it means that a child wants to drink at a certain time of the day, or sometimes even more often, with you. Sometimes a child wants to be at the breast continuously. It is completel......(40629 x) Read more » -
Sex (Safety during pregnancy)
Sex during pregnancy Many people worry that having sex during pregnancy will somehow harm or disturb the baby. Although perhaps the mechanics, especially as you get further on in your pregnancy, may prove challenging, there is no reason couples cann......(39790 x) Read more » -
Pregnancy tests
When can you take a pregnancy test? Urine tests can take place one day before the next period starts. Blood tests can be done at 6 to 8 days after ovulation. Pregnancy tests work by checking your urine for a hormone called human chori......(38535 x) Read more » -
Jaundice
The cause of the yellow color of the skin and mucous membranes is the substance bilirubin. This substance is released by red blood cell degradation. The baby has much more red blood cells than an adult in the womb. The red blood cells also ......(38174 x) Read more » -
Pelvic instability
Experiencing pain in your pelvic region is another symptom of pregnancy and quite normal. Research shows that 50 to 60% of women suffer from pelvic pain or low back pain. Early in pregnancy, hormones make the pelvis more flexible. In addition, the......(37549 x) Read more » -
Hypotension (Blood pressure)
Your blood pressure depends on age, weight and health. Average blood pressure is 120/80 (120 over 80). The first number is systolic pressure. This indicates how high the arterial pressure is and when the blood is pumped into the arteries every heart ......(37450 x) Read more » -
Vaginal infections (Tests before pregnancy)
Normally the vaginal discharge is whitish or slightly transparent in color and feels slimy and sticky. In pregnancy it is normal that the amount and thickness of the secretions vary greatly. Most women have more discharge than normal during pregnancy......(37002 x) Read more » -
Foreskin (Baby care)
The penis primarily consists of what could be called a stem and an acorn. The "acorn" tip is very sensitive and protected by a thin fold of skin. In some boys this covering is complete, while in other boys the covering is only partial. I......(36763 x) Read more » -
During a twin pregnancy (Twins)
Approximately 3 out of every 100 pregnancies is a twin or multiple pregnancy. Normally during your first ultrasound scan it will be determined whether you are having more than one baby although it may take the entire nine months for you to get over t......(35161 x) Read more »
Guide to rashes, bumps and spots
-
End of privilege over 100 points! 5 points, Liverpool lost to Arsenal.
From fff In Other
14 4822 07/16/2020 -
Pleasure to the eyes! Seoul Cha Pluem Rashford, Marzilla play with your heart
From fff In Other
53 3794 07/17/2020 -
Hong Dong Surat and the half-thousand club fans join to raise the cup
From fff In Other
22 2631 07/19/2020 -
Use it to the fullest! `Seoul tea` not afraid. Greenwood will be exhausted.
From fff In Other
43 2435 07/12/2020